Library and Book Publishing metadata standards have come a long way and they are still in a state of flux and evolution as cataloging and publishing take on emerging new forms for further standardization and universal interpretation. Data science and Data Mining are also providing new ways of harnessing information and knowledge about classification of both data and content. However, metadata are still the epitome of differentiating and exposing data in all its transformations. XML is often seen as the mainstream format for most metadata standards. However, JSON and RDF have also emerged to break into a strong hold in developing more flexible and universal standard formats. Metadata is categorized in fundamentally three different types: administrative, descriptive, and structural. The following handbook provides further details on the book publishing structures and evolving metadata trends.
