21 December 2024

Elements of Behavioral Economics

  • Bounded Rationality: limited cognitive resources leads to imperfect rational decisions and may rely on heuristics with limited access to information at the time 
    • limited cognitive capacity
    • incomplete information
    • time constraints
  • Cognitive Biases: Errors in judgement influence decision-making like loss aversion, framing effect, anchoring bias
  • Prospect Theory: Values vary in gains and losses, people are more risk-averse when facing losses, decisions vary on risk, uncertainty, and probability
    • loss aversion
    • value function
    • probability weighting
    • reference point
  • Social Influences: choices are influenced by social norms and peer pressure
  • Choice Architecture: presentation of choices influences decision-making 
    • power of presentation
    • nudging behavior
    • defaults
    • framing
    • incentives
    • simplification
  • References:
    • Thinking, Fast and Slow
    • Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness
    • Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions
    • Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion
    • Misbehaving: The Making of Behavioral Economics
    • The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds
    • Scarcity: Why Having Too Little Means So Much
    • The Winner's Curse: Paradoxes and Anomalies of Economic Life
    • Behavioral Economics
    • Advances in Behavioral Economics
    • behavioraleconomics.com
    • behavioral scientist
    • The Behavioral Scientist
    • Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
    • American Economic Review
    • MIT Courseware - Psychology and Economics